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KEY WORDS: INDO-EUROPEAN, CULTURAL PHYLOGENETICS, MARRIAGE, MONOGAMY, POLYGYNY, AFFINAL TERMINOLOGY, RESIDENCE, NEOLOCALITY, UXORILOCALITY, VIRILOCALITY.
This file provides additional information on the data and methods used in Fortunato (2011a,b), and discussion of the results of the fossilization of nodes Proto-Indo-Hittite (PIH) and Proto-Indo-European (PIE) for marriage and residence strategies.
Data and Methods
Below I provide details on the criteria used to collate the cross-cultural sample, with the cross-cultural data in table form, and information on the procedure used by Pagel et al. (2007) to infer the posterior probability distribution of trees on which I mapped the cross-cultural data. Finally, I provide a detailed description of the method used for the comparative analyses.
Cross-Cultural Data. Variable identifiers in this section follow Gray's (1999) Ethnographic Atlas (EA) codebook. I collated the cross-cultural sample by matching societies scored as speaking Indo-European (G?) languages (based on EA variable 98) with speech varieties in Dyen et al.' s (1992) G? basic vocabulary database, where needed using information from additional ethnographic and linguistic sources (e.g., Gordon 2005; Levinson 1991-1996; Price 1989; Ruhlen 1991). I also checked for correspondence between speech varieties in the linguistic database and the 62 societies in the EA with linguistic affiliation unknown and located in East Eurasia or in the Circum-Mediterranean region (based on EA variable 91).
In some cases, more than one speech variety in the linguistic database could be matched with the same society in the EA. For example, Dyen et al. (1992) include five entries for Greek: three for dialectal forms (Greek D, Greek K, Greek ML), one for modem Greek (Greek Mod), and one for modem spoken Greek (Greek MD), the latter compiled from dictionary data. In these cases, where available I selected the variety derived from dictionary data, which is likely to be less specific than other entries; alternatively, I selected the variety with data for the greatest number of meanings, or the first variety listed in Dyen et al. (1992, pp. 99-101).
The phylogenetic tree model used to represent how societies are related captures the process of diversification of taxa from a common ancestor; therefore, I included in the sample only societies located in Eurasia, corresponding to the geographic range of IE languages before 1492 ce (Diamond and Bellwood 2003). I...