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Objective To evaluate the impact of socioeconomic support on tuberculosis preventive therapy initiation in household contacts of tuberculosis patients and on treatment success in patients.
Methods A non-blinded, household-randomized, controlled study was performed between February 2014 and June 2015 in 32 shanty towns in Peru. It included patients being treated for tuberculosis and their household contacts. Households were randomly assigned to either the standard of care provided by Peru's national tuberculosis programme (control arm) or the same standard of care plus socioeconomic support (intervention arm). Socioeconomic support comprised conditional cash transfers up to 230 United States dollars per household, community meetings and household visits. Rates of tuberculosis preventive therapy initiation and treatment success (i.e. cure or treatment completion) were compared in intervention and control arms.
Findings Overall, 282 of 312 (90%) households agreed to participate: 135 in the intervention arm and 147 in the control arm. There were 410 contacts younger than 20 years: 43% in the intervention arm initiated tuberculosis preventive therapy versus 25% in the control arm (adjusted odds ratio, aOR: 2.2; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.1-4.1). An intention-to-treat analysis showed that treatment was successful in 64% (87/135) of patients in the intervention arm versus 53% (78/147) in the control arm (unadjusted OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.0-2.6). These improvements were equitable, being independent of household poverty.
Conclusion A tuberculosis-specific, socioeconomic support intervention increased uptake of tuberculosis preventive therapy and tuberculosis treatment success and is being evaluated in the Community Randomized Evaluation of a Socioeconomic Intervention to Prevent TB (CRESIPT) project.
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Résumé
Une meilleure couverture vaccinale pour combler le fossé en matière d'équité au Népal
Objectif Évaluer l'impact de l'accompagnement socioéconomique sur le commencement du traitement préventif contre la tuberculose par les contacts familiaux des patients atteints de la maladie et sur la réussite du traitement pour les patients.
Méthodes Une étude contrôlée, non aveugle, à répartition aléatoire des foyers a été réalisée entre février 2014 et juin 2015 dans 32 bidonvilles du Pérou. Elle portait sur des patients traités contre la tuberculose et leurs contacts familiaux. Les foyers ont été choisis de façon aléatoire pour recevoir soit les soins standards prévus par le programme national de lutte contre la tuberculose du Pérou (groupe témoin), soit les mêmes soins standards plus un...