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This article introduces collaborative learning models based on sociocultural learning theories and discusses their potential for developing more effective learning opportunities in information literacy teaching. As described in the research of Vygotsky and other theoreticians, sociocultural learning theories are learner-centered and provide insight into collaborative approaches to student learning. These theories take into account the social and cultural aspects of acquiring knowledge. Collaborative learning, as outlined in the literature review, is an effective means of increasing student achievement and cognitive development. Research also shows that in a community-of-learners, a learner's potential performance level is increased. In the last section of this article, several collaborative learning models are introduced: the jigsaw model, the reciprocal model, and collaborative peer groups, including problem-and resource-based learning. These models are then applied to information literacy teaching to demonstrate how collaborative learning approaches enhance the teaching. At the end, a comparison of the traditional library classroom and the community-of-learners environment is introduced; the article concludes that the information literacy community-of-learners is an effective learning environment to improve student learning.
University libraries have a long history of teaching users to effectively use the library and library resources. Many library classes have been based on behavioral learning theories that focus on transmitting knowledge and skills to students in a well-structured manner.1 A survey from 272 American colleges and universities indicates that 68 percent of college and university students receive library instruction via the demonstration approach.2 In this learning environment, the teacher is the authority in the class, and the students do what the teacher instructs; knowledge is transmitted from the teacher to the students. The demonstration approach does not equip students with skills and competencies to function in a rapidly changing world. Students need to develop their critical thinking and lifelong learning skills, and teachers in higher education need to rethink pedagogies in information literacy teaching to support this.
Collaborative learning, based on sociocultural learning theories, provides learners with more effective learning opportunities. Students learn in a community-of-learners environment, where they act as community members. They engage in the class activities, interact with others and solve problems or complete tasks, think and talk about their thinking, and explore answers to the problems or tasks. The teacher acts as a motivator to encourage...