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Abstract
Idiopathic scoliosis is a three-dimensional deformation of the spine and the rib cage requiring a surgical correction in its most serious forms. During the procedure, the surgeon installs an instrumentation composed of rods attached to the vertebra, with hooks and screws. The latter are inserted through the pedicle, which is not visible during the operation. Two types of surgical assistance systems exist to place these screws: computer-assisted surgical systems (software oriented assistance) and surgical templates (physical oriented). They reduce the number of misplaced screws to less than 10%. They require a preoperative planning using a 3D model of the vertebra and use a computer or physical-based registration to follow a predetermined direction of drilling. However, they either imply additional apparatus in the operative room or are specific to a given vertebra and patient. Therefore, the goal of this master project was to conceive, manufacture and validate a personalised surgical template for pedicle screw insertion. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
