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Copyright © 2022 Abhishek Raghuvanshi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Abstract

The majority of countries rely largely on agriculture for employment. Irrigation accounts for a sizable amount of water use. Crop irrigation is an important step in crop yield prediction. Field harvesting is very reliant on human supervision and experience. It is critical to safeguard the field’s water supply. The shortage of fresh water is a major challenge for the world, and the situation will deteriorate further in the next years. As a result of the aforementioned challenges, smart irrigation and precision farming are the only viable solutions. Only with the emergence of the Internet of Things and machine learning have smart irrigation and precision agriculture become economically viable. Increased efficiency, expense optimization, energy maximization, forecasting, and general public convenience are all benefits of the Internet of Things (IoT). As systems and data processing become more diversified, security issues arise. Security and privacy concerns are impeding the growth of the Internet of Things. This article establishes a framework for detecting and classifying intrusions into IoT networks used in agriculture. Security and privacy are major concerns not only in agriculture-related IoT networks but in all applications of the Internet of Things as well. In this framework, the NSL KDD data set is used as an input data set. In the preprocessing of the NSL-KDD data set, first all symbolic features are converted to numeric features. Feature extraction is performed using principal component analysis. Then, machine learning algorithms such as support vector machine, linear regression, and random forest are used to classify preprocessed data set. Performance comparisons of machine learning algorithms are evaluated on the basis of accuracy, precision, and recall parameters.

Details

Title
Intrusion Detection Using Machine Learning for Risk Mitigation in IoT-Enabled Smart Irrigation in Smart Farming
Author
Raghuvanshi, Abhishek 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Singh, Umesh Kumar 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Sajja, Guna Sekhar 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Pallathadka, Harikumar 4   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Evans Asenso 5   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Kamal, Mustafa 6   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Singh, Abha 6   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Phasinam, Khongdet 7   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 Mahakal Institute of Technology, Ujjain, India 
 Institute of Computer Sciences, Vikram University, Ujjain, India 
 University of the Cumberlands, Williamsburg, KY, USA 
 Manipur International University, Imphal, Manipur, India 
 Department of Agricultural Engineering, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana 
 Department of Basic Sciences, College of Science and Theoretical Studies, Saudi Electronic University, Dammam 32256, Saudi Arabia 
 Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University, Phitsanulok, Thailand 
Editor
Abid Hussain
Publication year
2022
Publication date
2022
Publisher
Hindawi Limited
ISSN
01469428
e-ISSN
17454557
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2630681831
Copyright
Copyright © 2022 Abhishek Raghuvanshi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/